Identifikasi Hazard Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja pada Pekerja Chainsaw di Kecamatan Balantak Selatan Tahun 2026

Identification of Occupational Safety and Health Hazards among Chainsaw Workers in South Balantak District in 2026

Abstract

Pekerjaan penebangan kayu menggunakan chainsaw merupakan pekerjaan berisiko tinggi karena masih mengandalkan tenaga manusia serta memiliki berbagai potensi bahaya yang dapat menyebabkan kecelakaan kerja maupun penyakit akibat kerja. Berdasarkan data International Labour Organization (ILO), sekitar 2,93 juta pekerja meninggal dunia setiap tahun akibat faktor terkait pekerjaan. Hasil observasi awal di Kecamatan Balantak Selatan menunjukkan adanya hazard fisika, kimia, dan ergonomi, serta perilaku penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) yang belum sesuai dengan prinsip Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hazard Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) pada pekerja chainsaw di Kecamatan Balantak Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional deskriptif dengan teknik total sampling terhadap 38 pekerja chainsaw. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi langsung, wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur, serta pengukuran kebisingan menggunakan Sound Level Meter (SLM). Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat untuk menggambarkan distribusi setiap variabel yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh responden (100%) terpapar workplace hazard yang meliputi bahaya fisika berupa kebisingan dengan rata-rata intensitas 109 dBA yang melebihi Nilai Ambang Batas (NAB), bahaya kimia berupa paparan gas buang dan debu kayu, serta bahaya ergonomi berupa awkward position, repetition motion, dan static position Pada aspek behavioral hazard, seluruh responden memiliki pengetahuan basic safety dalam kategori baik, tetapi belum memenuhi kriteria kelengkapan penggunaan APD berdasarkan hasil observasi. Temuan tersebut menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan antara pengetahuan keselamatan dan praktik penggunaan APD. Disimpulkan bahwa pekerja chainsaw menghadapi berbagai potensi hazard K3 pada aspek lingkungan kerja dan perilaku keselamatan, sehingga diperlukan penguatan penerapan K3 melalui edukasi berkelanjutan, peningkatan penggunaan APD, serta pengendalian hazard pada sumber dan lingkungan kerja.

Chainsaw logging is a high-risk occupation because it relies heavily on human labor and involves various potential hazards that may result in occupational accidents and work-related diseases. According to data from the International Labour Organization (ILO), approximately 2.93 million workers die each year from work-related factors. Initial observations in South Balantak District identified physical, chemical, and ergonomic hazards, as well as personal protective equipment (PPE) use that was not in accordance with occupational safety and health (OSH) principles. This study aimed to identify occupational safety and health hazards among chainsaw workers in South Balantak District. The study used a descriptive observational design with total sampling involving 38 chainsaw workers. Primary data were obtained through direct observation, structured questionnaire interviews, and noise measurements using a Sound Level Meter (SLM). Data were analyzed univariately to describe the distribution of each variable studied. The results showed that all respondents (100%) were exposed to workplace hazards, including physical hazards in the form of noise with an average intensity of 109 dBA, exceeding the permissible exposure limit, chemical hazards in the form of exposure to exhaust fumes and wood dust, and ergonomic hazards in the form of awkward positions, repetitive motions, and static positions. Regarding behavioral hazards, all respondents had good basic safety knowledge, but did not meet the criteria for complete PPE use based on the observation results. These findings indicate a gap between safety knowledge and PPE use in practice. In conclusion, chainsaw workers face various potential OSH hazards related to both the work environment and safety behavior. Therefore, strengthening OSH implementation is needed through continuous education, improved PPE use, and hazard control at the source and in the work environment.